雷达测姿系统实际上是一种惯性导航系统, 长时间未标定会发生加速度计零位变化, 直接影响水平测量精度。针对此问题, 该文分析了系统误差机理及可观测性, 根据实际雷达天线的运动范围, 提出了一种免拆卸加速度计零位基准误差补偿方案。此方案的标定方法简便, 能够有效地识别并估计三轴加速度计的零位误差, 补偿后的动态水平基准精度由2′提升至0.5′, 适合在不方便拆卸的雷达车等大型设备上使用。

根据惯组减振技术要求, 利用金属减振器设计减振系统。通过试验验证了减振系统的减振效果, 并对惯组动态性能进行了测试。试验结果表明, 沿惯组3个轴向的减振效率均在29%以上, 其中z向减振效率达到53%。对于挠性加速度计较为敏感的500 Hz频率点, 振动传递率均小于30%, 振动量级在0.053 g2/Hz(g=9.8 m/s2)以下。安装减振器后, 陀螺带宽大于50 Hz, 角速率延时约为5 ms; 加速度计带宽大于80 Hz, 说明减振器对系统动态性能影响不大。此外, 研究还发现金属减振器轴向减振效率较周向减振效率低。

有机钙钛矿太阳能电池(OPSCs)的能量转换效率卓越, 可以媲美单晶硅太阳能电池。但是, 由于有机钙钛矿材料对水和空气十分敏感, 因而当前面临着器件稳定性方面的挑战。金属有机框架(MOFs)与其衍生材料具有开放式孔道结构和非常大的比表面积, 可以添加剂的形式用于电子、空穴传输层和混合钙钛矿-MOF光吸收层, 或作为界面修饰层有效钝化钙钛矿吸收层的缺陷, 并显著提升其能量转换效率及器件稳定性。本文介绍了MOFs的相关知识与MOFs结合OPSCs的研究现状, 重点综述了近五年来MOFs在OPSCs中的应用与进展。

有机-无机卤化铅钙钛矿多晶薄膜太阳能电池在近几年的研究中实现了光电转换效率的快速增长。然而，其多晶结构的活性层导致器件仍然遭受到表面和晶界位置缺陷引起的性能衰减。本研究借助两种有机氢碘酸盐，即苯乙基碘化胺(Phenethylammonium iodide,PEAI)和邻氟苯乙胺碘(2-Fluorophenylethylammonium iodide,o-F-PEAI)，在CH3NH3PbI3钙钛矿多晶薄膜表面形成钝化层。扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜分析结果显示，PEAI和o-F-PEAI处理后的钙钛矿薄膜晶界被钝化层明显填充，表面粗糙度也显著下降。另外，荧光寿命成像分析结果显示钝化后的钙钛矿薄膜具有更多的光子数和更长的荧光寿命。上述结果表明，PEAI和o-F-PEAI诱导的钝化层可以有效抑制多晶薄膜表面和晶界位置的缺陷复合行为。因此，钝化后的倒置结构钙钛矿太阳能电池器件功率转换效率(Power conversion efficiency,PCE)可以达到21%。此外，o-F-PEAI钝化处理后的器件由于氟离子的作用表现出更好的器件稳定性。

Functionalized black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets have been considered as promising nanoagents in cancer therapy due to their excellent photothermal conversion efficiency. However, it is still difficult to visually monitor the dynamic localization of BP nanoagents in cancer cells. In this paper, we systematically studied the second-harmonic generation (SHG) signals originating from exfoliated BP nanosheets. Interestingly, under the excitation of a high frequency pulsed laser at 950 nm, the SHG signals of BP nanosheets in vitro are almost undetectable because of their poor stability. However, the intracellular SHG signals from BP nanosheets could be measured by in vivo optical imaging due to the efficient enrichment of living HeLa cells. Moreover, the SHG signal intensity from BP nanosheets increases with the prolonged incubation time. It can be expected that the BP nanosheets could be a promising intracellular SHG nanoprobe employed for visually in vivo biomedical imaging in practical cancer photothermal therapy (PIT).

单带上转换红光发射在高分辨生物标记及三维彩色显示方面具有重要应用。本文针对Ho3+/Ce3+共掺杂纳米体系单带上转换红光较弱的问题，设计制备了染料(IR-806)敏化的NaYF4∶Yb/Ho/Ce(20%/2%/10%) @NaYF4∶Nd(20%)纳米晶，显著增强了上转换红光发射。采用溶剂热法制备了均匀的上转换纳米粒子，通过调控核内部Ce3+离子掺杂浓度比例(0~10%)逐步获得单带上转换红光发射。在此基础上，通过上转换纳米粒子表面连接近红外IR-806染料分子，808 nm激发下其上转换发光强度提高了约22倍，特别地，红绿荧光强度比从4.8增至8.4。结果表明，染料敏化可用于增强上转换单带红光发射，并提高红光色纯度，这有利于高清晰的生物成像应用。

从光纤预制棒、光纤拉丝炉、光纤熔接等方面阐述了低熔接损耗环保型单模光纤研制过程。主要从原材料以及反应原理角度出发, 探索了无氯环保型光纤预制棒的开发过程；同时从拉丝炉的气流场进行分析, 完成了光纤拉丝炉的开发, 该拉丝炉可用于直径不均匀光棒的拉丝, 光纤丝径的3σ值稳定在0.186 5左右。最后进行了熔接试验, 研制出光纤的双向熔接平均值不管在1 310 nm还是在1 550 nm, 均在0.03以下, 顺利完成了低熔接损耗环保型单模光纤的研制。

Inorganic quantum dots (QDs) have excellent optical properties, such as high fluorescence intensity, excellent photostability and tunable emission wavelength, etc., facilitating them to be used as labels and probes for bioimaging. In this study, CdSe@ZnS QDs are used as probes for Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope (FLIM) and stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy imaging. The emission peak of CdSe@ZnS QDs centered at 526 nm with a narrow width of 19 nm and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) was 64%. The QDs presented excellent anti-photobleaching property which can be irradiated for 400 min by STED laser with 39.8mW. The lateral resolution of 42.0 nm is demonstrated for single QDs under STED laser (27.5mW) irradiation. Furthermore, the CdSe@ZnS QDs were for the first time used to successfully label the lysosomes of living HeLa cells and 81.5nm lateral resolution is obtained indicating the available super-resolution applications in living cells for inorganic QD probes. Meanwhile, Eca-109 cells labeled with the CdSe@ZnS QDs was observed with FLIM, and their fluorescence lifetime was around 3.1 ns, consistent with the in vitro value, suggesting that the QDs could act as a satisfactory probe in further FLIM-STED experiments.

Recently, photothermal therapy (PTT) has been proved to have great potential in tumor therapy. In the last several years, MoS2, as one novel member of nanomaterials, has been applied into PTT due to its excellent photothermal conversion e±cacy. In this work, we applied fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) techniques into monitoring the PPTtriggered cell death under MoS2 nanosheet treatment. Two types of MoS2 nanosheets (single layer nanosheets and few layer nanosheets) were obtained, both of which exhibited presentable photothermal conversion e±cacy, leang to high cell death rates of 4T1 cells (mouse breast cancer cells) under PTT. Next, live cell images of 4T1 cells were obtained via directly labeling the mitochondria with Rodamine123, which were then continuously observed with FLIM technique. FLIM data showed that the fluorescence lifetimes of mitochondria targeting dye in cells treated with each type of MoS2 nanosheets significantly increased during PTT treatment. By contrast, the fluorescence lifetime of the same dye in control cells (without nanomaterials) remained constant after laser irradiation. These findings suggest that FLIM can be of great value in monitoring cell death process during PTT of cancer cells, which could provide dynamic data of the cellular microenvironment at single cell level in multiple biomedical applications.